Mientras la clase en tiempo de ejecución del objeto determina el valor del parámetro de tipo , se puede inferir su valor real mediante la sustitución de forma recursiva los parámetros de tipo formal por parte de los reales obtenidos de Class.getGenericSuperClass (código):
class Substitution extends HashMap<String, TypeExpr> {
Substitution(TypeVariable[] formals, TypeExpr[] actuals) {
for (int i = 0; i < actuals.length; i++) {
put(formals[i].getName(),actuals[i]);
}
}
}
abstract class TypeExpr {
abstract TypeExpr apply(Substitution s);
public abstract String toString();
static TypeExpr from(Type type) {
if (type instanceof TypeVariable) {
return new TypeVar((TypeVariable) type);
} else if (type instanceof Class) {
return new ClassType((Class) type);
} else if (type instanceof ParameterizedType) {
return new ClassType((ParameterizedType) type);
} else if (type instanceof GenericArrayType) {
return new ArrayType((GenericArrayType) type);
} else if (type instanceof WildcardType) {
return new WildcardTypeExpr((WildcardType) type);
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException(type.toString());
}
static TypeExpr[] from(Type[] types) {
TypeExpr[] t = new TypeExpr[types.length];
for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++) {
t[i] = from(types[i]);
}
return t;
}
static TypeExpr[] apply(TypeExpr[] types, Substitution s) {
TypeExpr[] t = new TypeExpr[types.length];
for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++) {
t[i] = types[i].apply(s);
}
return t;
}
static void append(StringBuilder sb, String sep, Object[] os) {
String s = "";
for (Object o : os) {
sb.append(s);
s = sep;
sb.append(o);
}
}
}
class TypeVar extends TypeExpr {
final String name;
public TypeVar(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public TypeVar(TypeVariable var) {
name = var.getName();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return name;
}
@Override
TypeExpr apply(Substitution s) {
TypeExpr e = s.get(name);
return e == null ? this : e;
}
}
class ClassType extends TypeExpr {
final Class clazz;
final TypeExpr[] arguments; // empty if the class is not generic
public ClassType(Class clazz, TypeExpr[] arguments) {
this.clazz = clazz;
this.arguments = arguments;
}
public ClassType(Class clazz) {
this.clazz = clazz;
arguments = from(clazz.getTypeParameters());
}
@Override
public String toString() {
String name = clazz.getSimpleName();
if (arguments.length == 0) {
return name;
}
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(name);
sb.append("<");
append(sb, ", ", arguments);
sb.append(">");
return sb.toString();
}
public ClassType(ParameterizedType pt) {
clazz = (Class) pt.getRawType();
Type[] args = pt.getActualTypeArguments();
arguments = TypeExpr.from(args);
}
@Override
ClassType apply(Substitution s) {
return new ClassType(clazz, apply(arguments, s));
}
}
class ArrayType extends TypeExpr {
final TypeExpr componentType;
public ArrayType(TypeExpr componentType) {
this.componentType = componentType;
}
public ArrayType(GenericArrayType gat) {
this.componentType = TypeExpr.from(gat.getGenericComponentType());
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return componentType + "[]";
}
@Override
TypeExpr apply(Substitution s) {
return new ArrayType(componentType.apply(s));
}
}
class WildcardTypeExpr extends TypeExpr {
final TypeExpr[] lowerBounds;
final TypeExpr[] upperBounds;
public WildcardTypeExpr(TypeExpr[] lowerBounds, TypeExpr[] upperBounds) {
this.lowerBounds = lowerBounds;
this.upperBounds = upperBounds;
}
WildcardTypeExpr(WildcardType wct) {
lowerBounds = from(wct.getLowerBounds());
upperBounds = from(wct.getUpperBounds());
}
@Override
TypeExpr apply(Substitution s) {
return new WildcardTypeExpr(
apply(lowerBounds, s),
apply(upperBounds, s)
);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("?");
if (lowerBounds.length > 0) {
sb.append(" super ");
append(sb, " & ", lowerBounds);
}
if (upperBounds.length > 0) {
sb.append(" extends ");
append(sb, " & ", upperBounds);
}
return sb.toString();
}
}
public class Test {
/**
* @return {@code superClazz}, with the replaced type parameters it has for
* instances of {@code ct}, or {@code null}, if {@code superClazz}
* is not a super class or interface of {@code ct}
*/
static ClassType getSuperClassType(ClassType ct, Class superClazz) {
if (ct.clazz == superClazz) {
return ct;
}
Substitution sub = new Substitution(ct.clazz.getTypeParameters(), ct.arguments);
Type gsc = ct.clazz.getGenericSuperclass();
if (gsc != null) {
ClassType sct = (ClassType) TypeExpr.from(gsc);
sct = sct.apply(sub);
ClassType result = getSuperClassType(sct, superClazz);
if (result != null) {
return result;
}
}
for (Type gi : ct.clazz.getGenericInterfaces()) {
ClassType st = (ClassType) TypeExpr.from(gi);
st = st.apply(sub);
ClassType result = getSuperClassType(st, superClazz);
if (result != null) {
return result;
}
}
return null;
}
public static ClassType getSuperClassType(Class clazz, Class superClazz) {
return getSuperClassType((ClassType) TypeExpr.from(clazz), superClazz);
}
prueba:
public static void check(Class c, Class sc, String expected) {
String actual = getSuperClassType(c, sc).toString();
if (!actual.equals(expected)) {
throw new AssertionError(actual + " != " + expected);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
check(Substitution.class, Map.class, "Map<String, TypeExpr>");
check(HashMap.class, Map.class, "Map<K, V>");
check(Bar.class, Foo.class, "Foo<List<? extends String[]>>");
}
}
interface Foo<X> {
}
class SuperBar<X, Y> implements Foo<List<? extends Y[]>> {
}
class Bar<X> extends SuperBar<X, String> { }
Si, por otro lado, la clase no determina el valor del parámetro de tipo, deberá extender su bean para retener el objeto de clase para el parámetro de tipo real en tiempo de ejecución por otros medios, p. haciendo:
class Super<T> {
final Class<T> clazz;
T foo;
Super(Class<T> clazz) {
this.clazz = clazz;
}
public T getFoo() {
return foo;
}
public T setFoo() {
this.foo = foo;
}
}
La biblioteca ClassMate java descrita en http://www.cowtowncoder.com/blog/archives/2012/04/entry_471.html parece apoyar muy bien la resolución de tipos genéricos. El proyecto está disponible en github: https://github.com/cowtowncoder/java-classmate –
A partir de Java 1.7.0_80 la salida es 'foo de la clase java.lang.String TypeVariable: clase T java.lang.Object' –